@c -*-texinfo-*- @c 2000-04-17 Jim Van Zandt Added header, @c info directory entry, reference to introduction chapter, and menu @c descriptions. Rearranged chapters. @c to update the menus do: @c (texinfo-multiple-files-update "maxima.texi" t t) @c @c texinfo-multiple-files-update will delete the detailed node listing! @c %**start of header @synindex vr fn @settitle Maxima @VERSION@ Manual @c %**end of header @setchapternewpage odd @ifinfo This is a Texinfo Maxima Manual Copyright 1994,2001 William F. Schelter @format INFO-DIR-SECTION Math START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * Maxima: (maxima). A computer algebra system. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY @end format @end ifinfo @ifinfo @macro var {expr} <\expr\> @end macro @end ifinfo @include category-macros.texi @c for texi2html 5.0 following lines were commented out. @c @titlepage @c @sp 10 @c @comment The title is printed in a large font. @c @center @titlefont{Maxima Manual} @c @center Ver. @VERSION@ @c @page @c @vskip 0pt plus 1filll @c Maximaはコンピュータ代数システムです。Lispで実装されています。 @c @c MaximaはMacsymaシステムから派生したものです。 @c Macsymaシステムは、MITで1968年から1982年にかけてプロジェクトMACの一部として開発されました。 @c MITは、1982年にMacsymaソースコードのコピーをエネルギー省に引き渡しました; @c そのバージョンは現在、DOE Macsymaとして知られています。 @c DOE Macsymaのコピーは、テキサス大学のWilliam F. Schelter教授によって、 @c 1982年から教授がなくなる2001年まで保守されました。 @c 1998年にSchelterは、 @c エネルギー省からDOE MacsymaソースコードをGNU Public Licenseの下で公開する許可を得て、 @c 2000年に彼は、 @c DOE Macsymaを保守・開発するために、MaximaプロジェクトをSourceForgeで始めました。 @c だから、Maximaと呼ばれています。 @c @c @end titlepage @summarycontents @contents @ifnottex @node Top, Introduction to Maxima, (dir), (dir) @top Maximaはコンピュータ代数システムです。Lispで実装されています。 MaximaはMacsymaシステムから派生したものです。 Macsymaシステムは、MITで1968年から1982年にかけてプロジェクトMACの一部として開発されました。 MITは、1982年にMacsymaソースコードのコピーをエネルギー省に引き渡しました; そのバージョンは現在、DOE Macsymaとして知られています。 DOE Macsymaのコピーは、テキサス大学のWilliam F. Schelter教授によって、 1982年から教授がなくなる2001年まで保守されました。 1998年にSchelterは、 エネルギー省からDOE MacsymaソースコードをGNU Public Licenseの下で公開する許可を得て、 2000年に彼は、 DOE Macsymaを保守・開発するために、MaximaプロジェクトをSourceForgeで始めました。 だから、Maximaと呼ばれています。 @end ifnottex @c includes @menu Maximaの基盤 * Introduction to Maxima:: Maximaセッションの実例 * Bug Detection and Reporting:: Maximaのバグの発見と報告 * Help:: Maximaセッションの中でヘルプを見る * Command Line:: Maximaコマンドライン構文法、入出力 * Data Types and Structures:: 数、文字列、リスト、配列、構造体 * Expressions:: Maximaにおける式 * Operators:: Maxima式の中で使われる演算子 * Evaluation:: 式の評価 * Simplification:: 式の整理 * Mathematical Functions:: Maximaの数学的関数 * Maximas Database:: 宣言、文脈、事実、プロパティ * Plotting:: 2次元と3次元のグラフィカル出力 * File Input and Output:: ファイル入出力 数学の特定分野のサポート * Polynomials:: 多項式の標準形と操作関数 * Special Functions:: 特殊函数 * Elliptic Functions:: 楕円函数と楕円積分 * Limits:: 式の極限 * Differentiation:: 微分法 * Integration:: 積分法 * Equations:: 方程式の定義と解法 * Differential Equations:: 微分方程式の定義と解法 * Numerical:: 数値積分、Fourier変換など * Matrices and Linear Algebra:: 行列演算 * Affine:: * itensor:: 添字テンソル操作 * ctensor:: 成分テンソル操作 * atensor:: 代数テンソル操作 * Sums Products and Series:: 和、積、Tayler級数とべき級数 * Number Theory:: 数論 * Symmetries:: * Groups:: 抽象代数 上級用機能とプログラミング * Runtime Environment:: Maxima環境のカスタム化 * Miscellaneous Options:: Maximaでグローバルな効果を持つオプション * Rules and Patterns:: ユーザー定義のパターンマッチングと整理ルール * Sets:: 集合の操作 * Function Definition:: 関数定義 * Program Flow:: Maximaプログラムの定義 * Debugging:: Maximaプログラムのデバッグ その他のパッケージ * asympa:: 漸近解析パッケージ * augmented_lagrangian:: 拡張Lagrangeパッケージ @c * Bernstein:: Bernstein多項式 * Bernstein:: @code{Bernstein}多項式 * bode:: Bode線図 * cobyla:: 不等式制約を持つ非線形最適化 * contrib_ode:: ODEのための追加ルーチン * descriptive:: 記述統計 * diag:: Jordan行列 * distrib:: 確率分布 * draw:: Maxima-Gnuplotインターフェイス * drawdf:: Gnuplotを使った方向場 * dynamics:: 力学系とフラクタルのグラフィックス * ezunits:: 次元量 * f90:: MaximaからFortranへの翻訳器 * finance:: 金融パッケージ * fractals:: フラクタル * ggf:: 数列の母函数 * graphs:: グラフ理論パッケージ * grobner:: Groebner基底を扱う関数 * impdiff:: 陰導函数 * implicit_plot:: 陰プロットパッケージ * interpol:: 内挿バッケージ * lapack:: 線形代数のためのLAPACK関数 * lbfgs:: L-BFGS無制約最小化パッケージ * lindstedt:: Lindstedtパッケージ * linearalgebra:: 線形代数のための関数 * lsquares:: 最小二乗 * makeOrders:: 多項式ユーティリティ * minpack:: 最小化と根のためのMINPACK関数 * mnewton:: Newton法 * numericalio:: ファイルの読み書き * opsubst:: 代入ユーティリティ * orthopoly:: 直交多項式 * plotdf:: 方向場プロット * romberg:: 数値積分のRomberg法 * simplex:: 線形計画 * simplification:: 整理のルールと関数 * solve_rec:: 線形漸化式 * stats:: 統計的推定パッケージ * stirling:: Stirling公式 * stringproc:: 文字列処理 @c * to_poly_solve:: to_poly_solveパッケージ * to_poly_solve:: @code{to_poly_solve}パッケージ * unit:: 単位と次元パッケージ * zeilberger:: 超幾何総和に関する関数 索引 * Function and Variable Index:: インデックス 訳者後書き * Translator's Comments:: 訳者のコメント @comment @detailmenu --- The Detailed Node Listing --- 手引き * Introduction to Maxima:: バグ * Bug Detection and Reporting:: ヘルプ * Documentation:: * Functions and Variables for Help:: コマンドライン * Introduction to Command Line:: * Functions and Variables for Command Line:: * Functions and Variables for Display:: データ型と構造体 * Numbers:: * Strings:: * Constants:: * Lists:: * Arrays:: * Structures:: 式 * Introduction to Expressions:: * Nouns and Verbs:: * Identifiers:: * Inequality:: * Functions and Variables for Expressions:: 演算子 * Introduction to operators:: * Arithmetic operators:: * Relational operators:: * Logical operators:: * Operators for Equations:: * Assignment operators:: * User defined operators:: 評価 * Functions and Variables for Evaluation:: 式整理 * Functions and Variables for Simplification:: 数学的関数 * Functions for Numbers:: * Functions for Complex Numbers:: * Combinatorial Functions:: * Root Exponential and Logarithmic Functions:: * Trigonometric Functions:: * Random Numbers:: Maximaのデータベース * Introduction to Maximas Database:: * Functions and Variables for Properties:: * Functions and Variables for Facts:: * Functions and Variables for Predicates:: プロット * Introduction to Plotting:: * Plotting Formats:: * Functions and Variables for Plotting:: * Plotting Options:: * Gnuplot Options:: * Gnuplot_pipes Format Functions:: ファイル入出力 * Comments:: * Files:: * Functions and Variables for File Input and Output:: 多項式 * Introduction to Polynomials:: * Functions and Variables for Polynomials:: 特殊函数 * Introduction to Special Functions:: * Bessel Functions:: * Airy Functions:: * Gamma and factorial Functions:: * Exponential Integrals:: * Error Function:: * Struve Functions:: * Hypergeometric Functions:: * Parabolic Cylinder Functions:: * Functions and Variables for Special Functions:: 楕円函数 * Introduction to Elliptic Functions and Integrals:: * Functions and Variables for Elliptic Functions:: * Functions and Variables for Elliptic Integrals:: 極限 * Functions and Variables for Limits:: 微分 * Functions and Variables for Differentiation:: 積分 * Introduction to Integration:: * Functions and Variables for Integration:: 方程式 * Functions and Variables for Equations:: 微分方程式 * Introduction to Differential Equations:: * Functions and Variables for Differential Equations:: 数値 * Introduction to fast Fourier transform:: * Functions and Variables for fast Fourier transform:: * Introduction to Fourier series:: * Functions and Variables for Fourier series:: 行列と線形代数 * Introduction to Matrices and Linear Algebra:: * Dot:: * Vectors:: * eigen:: * Functions and Variables for Matrices and Linear Algebra:: アフィン * Introduction to Affine:: * Functions and Variables for Affine:: 指標テンソル * Introduction to itensor:: * Functions and Variables for itensor:: 成分テンソル * Introduction to ctensor:: * Functions and Variables for ctensor:: 代数テンソル * Introduction to atensor:: * Functions and Variables for atensor:: 和、積、級数 * Sums and Products:: * Introduction to Series:: * Functions and Variables for Series:: * Poisson series:: 数論 * Functions and Variables for Number Theory:: 対称群 * Introduction to Symmetries:: * Functions and Variables for Symmetries:: 群 * Functions and Variables for Groups:: ランタイム環境 * Introduction for Runtime Environment:: * Interrupts:: * Functions and Variables for Runtime Environment:: 様々なオプション * Introduction to Miscellaneous Options:: * Share:: * Functions and Variables for Miscellaneous Options:: 規則とパターン * Introduction to Rules and Patterns:: * Functions and Variables for Rules and Patterns:: 集合 * Introduction to Sets:: * Functions and Variables for Sets:: 関数定義 * Introduction to Function Definition:: * Function:: * Macros:: * Functions and Variables for Function Definition:: プログラムフロー * Lisp and Maxima:: * Garbage Collection:: * Introduction to Program Flow:: * Functions and Variables for Program Flow:: デバッグ * Functions and Variables for Debugging:: asympa * Introduction to asympa:: * Functions and variables for asympa:: augmented_lagrangian * Functions and Variables for augmented_lagrangian:: Bernstein * Functions and Variables for Bernstein:: bode * Functions and Variables for bode:: cobyla * Introduction to cobyla:: * Functions and Variables for cobyla:: * Examples for cobyla:: contrib_ode * Introduction to contrib_ode:: * Functions and Variables for contrib_ode:: * Possible improvements to contrib_ode:: * Test cases for contrib_ode:: * References for contrib_ode:: descriptive * Introduction to descriptive:: * Functions and Variables for data manipulation:: * Functions and Variables for descriptive statistics:: * Functions and Variables for statistical graphs:: diag * Functions and Variables for diag:: distrib * Introduction to distrib:: * Functions and Variables for continuous distributions:: * Functions and Variables for discrete distributions:: draw * Introduction to draw:: * Functions and Variables for draw:: * Functions and Variables for pictures:: * Functions and Variables for worldmap:: drawdf * Introduction to drawdf:: * Functions and Variables for drawdf:: dynamics * Introduction to dynamics:: * Functions and Variables for dynamics:: ezunits * Introduction to ezunits:: * Introduction to physical_constants:: * Functions and Variables for ezunits:: f90 * Functions and Variables for f90:: finance * Introduction to finance:: * Functions and Variables for finance:: fractals * Introduction to fractals:: * Definitions for IFS fractals:: * Definitions for complex fractals:: * Definitions for Koch snowflakes:: * Definitions for Peano maps:: ggf * Functions and Variables for ggf:: graphs * Introduction to graphs:: * Functions and Variables for graphs:: grobner * Introduction to grobner:: * Functions and Variables for grobner:: impdiff * Functions and Variables for impdiff:: implicit_plot * Functions and Variables for implicit_plot:: interpol * Introduction to interpol:: * Functions and Variables for interpol:: lapack * Introduction to lapack:: * Functions and Variables for lapack:: lbfgs * Introduction to lbfgs:: * Functions and Variables for lbfgs:: lindstedt * Functions and Variables for lindstedt:: linearalgebra * Introduction to linearalgebra:: * Functions and Variables for linearalgebra:: lsquares * Introduction to lsquares:: * Functions and Variables for lsquares:: makeOrders * Functions and Variables for makeOrders:: minpack * Introduction to minpack:: * Functions and Variables for minpack:: mnewton * Introduction to mnewton:: * Functions and Variables for mnewton:: numericalio * Introduction to numericalio:: * Functions and Variables for plain-text input and output:: * Functions and Variables for binary input and output:: opsubst * Functions and Variables for opsubst:: orthopoly * Introduction to orthogonal polynomials:: * Functions and Variables for orthogonal polynomials:: plotdf * Introduction to plotdf:: * Functions and Variables for plotdf:: romberg * Functions and Variables for romberg:: simplex * Introduction to simplex:: * Functions and Variables for simplex:: simplification * Introduction to simplification:: * Package absimp:: * Package facexp:: * Package functs:: * Package ineq:: * Package rducon:: * Package scifac:: * Package sqdnst:: solve_rec * Introduction to solve_rec:: * Functions and Variables for solve_rec:: stats * Introduction to stats:: * Functions and Variables for inference_result:: * Functions and Variables for stats:: * Functions and Variables for special distributions:: stirling * Functions and Variables for stirling:: stringproc * Introduction to string processing:: * Functions and Variables for input and output:: * Functions and Variables for characters:: * Functions and Variables for strings:: to_poly_solve * Functions and Variables for to_poly_solve:: unit * Introduction to Units:: * Functions and Variables for Units:: zeilberger * Introduction to zeilberger:: * Functions and Variables for zeilberger:: @comment @end detailmenu @end menu @c Put the @node lines here, rather than in the @included files, @c so emacs can automatically update them with C-c C-u C-e. @c nota bene: C-c C-u C-a and texinfo-multiple-files-update will delete @c the detailed node listing! @node Introduction to Maxima, Bug Detection and Reporting, Top, Top @chapter Introduction to Maxima @include Introduction.texi @node Bug Detection and Reporting, Help, Introduction to Maxima, Top @chapter Bug Detection and Reporting @include Bugs.texi @node Help, Command Line, Bug Detection and Reporting, Top @chapter Help @include Help.texi @node Command Line, Data Types and Structures, Help, Top @chapter Command Line @include Command.texi @node Data Types and Structures, Expressions, Command Line, Top @chapter Data Types and Structures @include DataTypes.texi @include Constants.texi @include Lists.texi @include Arrays.texi @include defstruct.texi @node Expressions, Operators, Data Types and Structures, Top @chapter Expressions @include Expressions.texi @node Operators, Evaluation, Expressions, Top @chapter Operators @include Operators.texi @node Evaluation, Simplification, Operators, Top @chapter Evaluation @include Evaluation.texi @node Simplification, Mathematical Functions, Evaluation, Top @chapter Simplification @include Simplification.texi @node Mathematical Functions, Maximas Database, Simplification, Top @chapter Mathematical Functions @include MathFunctions.texi @node Maximas Database, Plotting, Mathematical Functions, Top @chapter Maximas Database @include Database.texi @node Plotting, File Input and Output, Maximas Database, Top @chapter Plotting @include Plotting.texi @node File Input and Output, Polynomials, Plotting, Top @chapter File Input and Output @include Input.texi @node Polynomials, Special Functions, File Input and Output, Top @chapter Polynomials @include Polynomials.texi @node Special Functions, Elliptic Functions, Polynomials, Top @chapter Special Functions @include Special.texi @node Elliptic Functions, Limits, Special Functions, Top @chapter Elliptic Functions @include Elliptic.texi @node Limits, Differentiation, Elliptic Functions, Top @chapter Limits @include Limits.texi @node Differentiation, Integration, Limits, Top @chapter Differentiation @include Differentiation.texi @node Integration, Equations, Differentiation, Top @chapter Integration @include Integration.texi @node Equations, Differential Equations, Integration, Top @chapter Equations @include Equations.texi @node Differential Equations, Numerical, Equations, Top @chapter Differential Equations @include Differential.texi @c @include NonCommutative.texi @node Numerical, Matrices and Linear Algebra, Differential Equations, Top @chapter Numerical @include Numerical.texi @node Matrices and Linear Algebra, Affine, Numerical, Top @chapter Matrices and Linear Algebra @include Matrices.texi @node Affine, itensor, Matrices and Linear Algebra, Top @chapter Affine @include Affine.texi @node itensor, ctensor, Affine, Top @chapter itensor @include Itensor.texi @node ctensor, atensor, itensor, Top @chapter ctensor @include Ctensor.texi @node atensor, Sums Products and Series, ctensor, Top @chapter atensor @include Atensor.texi @node Sums Products and Series, Number Theory, atensor, Top @chapter Sums, Products, and Series @include Series.texi @node Number Theory, Symmetries, Sums Products and Series, Top @chapter Number Theory @include Number.texi @node Symmetries, Groups, Number Theory, Top @chapter Symmetries @include Symmetries.texi @node Groups, Runtime Environment, Symmetries, Top @chapter Groups @include Groups.texi @node Runtime Environment, Miscellaneous Options, Groups, Top @chapter Runtime Environment @include Runtime.texi @node Miscellaneous Options, Rules and Patterns, Runtime Environment, Top @chapter Miscellaneous Options @include Miscellaneous.texi @node Rules and Patterns, Sets, Miscellaneous Options, Top @chapter Rules and Patterns @include Rules.texi @node Sets, Function Definition, Rules and Patterns, Top @chapter Sets @include nset.texi @node Function Definition, Program Flow, Sets, Top @chapter Function Definition @include Function.texi @node Program Flow, Debugging, Function Definition, Top @chapter Program Flow @include Program.texi @node Debugging, asympa, Program Flow, Top @chapter Debugging @include Debugging.texi @node asympa, augmented_lagrangian, Debugging, Top @chapter asympa @include asympa.texi @node augmented_lagrangian, Bernstein, asympa, Top @chapter augmented_lagrangian @include augmented_lagrangian.texi @node Bernstein, bode, augmented_lagrangian, Top @chapter Bernstein @include bernstein.texi @node bode, cobyla, Bernstein, Top @chapter bode @include bode.texi @node cobyla, contrib_ode, bode, Top @chapter cobyla @include cobyla.texi @node contrib_ode, descriptive, cobyla, Top @chapter contrib_ode @include contrib_ode.texi @node descriptive, diag, contrib_ode, Top @chapter descriptive @include descriptive.texi @node diag, distrib, descriptive, Top @chapter diag @include diag.texi @node distrib, draw, diag, Top @chapter distrib @include distrib.texi @node draw, drawdf, distrib, Top @chapter draw @include draw.texi @node drawdf, dynamics, draw, Top @chapter drawdf @include drawdf.texi @node dynamics, ezunits, drawdf, Top @chapter dynamics @include dynamics.texi @node ezunits, f90, dynamics, Top @chapter ezunits @include ezunits.texi @node f90, finance, ezunits, Top @chapter f90 @include f90.texi @node finance, fractals, f90, Top @chapter finance @include finance.texi @node fractals, ggf, finance, Top @chapter fractals @include fractals.texi @node ggf, graphs, fractals, Top @chapter ggf @include ggf.texi @node graphs, grobner, ggf, Top @chapter graphs @include graphs.texi @node grobner, impdiff, graphs, Top @chapter grobner @include grobner.texi @node impdiff, implicit_plot, grobner, Top @chapter impdiff @include impdiff.texi @node implicit_plot, interpol, impdiff, Top @chapter implicit_plot @include implicit_plot.texi @node interpol, lapack, implicit_plot, Top @chapter interpol @include interpol.texi @node lapack, lbfgs, interpol, Top @chapter lapack @include lapack.texi @node lbfgs, lindstedt, lapack, Top @chapter lbfgs @include lbfgs.texi @node lindstedt, linearalgebra, lbfgs, Top @chapter lindstedt @include lindstedt.texi @node linearalgebra, lsquares, lindstedt, Top @chapter linearalgebra @include linearalgebra.texi @node lsquares, minpack, linearalgebra, Top @chapter lsquares @include lsquares.texi @node minpack, makeOrders, lsquares, Top @chapter minpack @include minpack.texi @node makeOrders, mnewton, minpack, Top @chapter makeOrders @include makeOrders.texi @node mnewton, numericalio, makeOrders, Top @chapter mnewton @include mnewton.texi @node numericalio, opsubst, mnewton, Top @chapter numericalio @include numericalio.texi @node opsubst, orthopoly, numericalio, Top @chapter opsubst @include opsubst.texi @node orthopoly, plotdf, opsubst, Top @chapter orthopoly @include orthopoly.texi @node plotdf, romberg, orthopoly, Top @chapter plotdf @include plotdf.texi @node romberg, simplex, plotdf, Top @chapter romberg @include romberg.texi @node simplex, simplification, romberg, Top @chapter simplex @include simplex.texi @node simplification, solve_rec, simplex, Top @chapter simplification @include simplifications.texi @node solve_rec, stats, simplification, Top @chapter solve_rec @include solve_rec.texi @node stats, stirling, solve_rec, Top @chapter stats @include stats.texi @node stirling, stringproc, stats, Top @chapter stirling @include stirling.texi @node stringproc, to_poly_solve, stirling, Top @chapter stringproc @include stringproc.texi @node to_poly_solve, unit, stringproc, Top @chapter to_poly_solve @include to_poly_solve.texi @node unit, zeilberger, to_poly_solve, Top @chapter unit @include unit.texi @node zeilberger, Function and Variable Index, unit, Top @chapter zeilberger @include zeilberger.texi @node Function and Variable Index, Translator's Comments, zeilberger, Top @chapter Indices @include Indices.texi @node Translator's Comments, , Function and Variable Index, Top @appendix Translator's Comments @include Translator.texi @c end includes